什么是五行?它的具體含義是什么?
五(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)是(shi)中(zhong)國古(gu)代的(de)一種(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)觀。多用(yong)于(yu)哲學、中(zhong)醫(yi)學和占卜方面。五(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)指:金(jin)、木(mu)(mu)(mu)、水(shui)(shui)、火(huo)(huo)(huo)、土(tu)(tu)。認(ren)為(wei)大(da)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)由(you)五(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)要素(su)所構(gou)成(cheng),隨著(zhu)這五(wu)(wu)(wu)個要素(su)的(de)盛衰,而(er)使得大(da)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)產生(sheng)(sheng)變化(hua),不(bu)但(dan)影響到人(ren)(ren)的(de)命運(yun),同(tong)時也(ye)(ye)(ye)使宇宙(zhou)萬(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)循環不(bu)已。五(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)學說(shuo)(shuo)認(ren)為(wei)宇宙(zhou)萬(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu),都(dou)由(you)木(mu)(mu)(mu)火(huo)(huo)(huo)土(tu)(tu)金(jin)水(shui)(shui)五(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)基本物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)的(de)運(yun)行(xing)(運(yun)動)和變化(hua)所構(gou)成(cheng)。它(ta)強調整體概念(nian),描繪了事(shi)物(wu)(wu)的(de)結構(gou)關系(xi)(xi)和運(yun)動形式。如果說(shuo)(shuo)陰陽是(shi)一種(zhong)(zhong)古(gu)代的(de)對立統一學說(shuo)(shuo),則(ze)(ze)五(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)可(ke)以(yi)說(shuo)(shuo)是(shi)一種(zhong)(zhong)原始的(de)普通(tong)系(xi)(xi)統論(lun)。由(you)來(lai): 六(liu)經論(lun)五(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)者,始見于(yu)《尚(shang)書(shu)(shu)?6?4洪范》,曰(yue):「五(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing),一曰(yue)水(shui)(shui)、二曰(yue)火(huo)(huo)(huo)、三曰(yue)木(mu)(mu)(mu)、四曰(yue)金(jin)、五(wu)(wu)(wu)曰(yue)土(tu)(tu)」。《大(da)禹謨》曰(yue):「水(shui)(shui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)金(jin)木(mu)(mu)(mu)土(tu)(tu),谷惟修」。其(qi)源起于(yu)河圖、洛書(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)。益圖書(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一六(liu)水(shui)(shui)也(ye)(ye)(ye),二七火(huo)(huo)(huo)也(ye)(ye)(ye),三八(ba)木(mu)(mu)(mu)也(ye)(ye)(ye),四九金(jin)也(ye)(ye)(ye),五(wu)(wu)(wu)十土(tu)(tu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。在(zai)(zai)圖則(ze)(ze)左旋而(er)相(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng),在(zai)(zai)書(shu)(shu)則(ze)(ze)右轉而(er)相(xiang)(xiang)克也(ye)(ye)(ye)。然(ran)(ran)土(tu)(tu)于(yu)圖書(shu)(shu)為(wei)五(wu)(wu)(wu)十中(zhong)宮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數(shu),無(wu)定(ding)位(wei),無(wu)專體者也(ye)(ye)(ye)。惟《呂氏春秋》則(ze)(ze)以(yi)土(tu)(tu)直(zhi)季夏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月,以(yi)順(shun)相(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序。《白(bai)虎(hu)通(tong)》又(you)以(yi)土(tu)(tu)直(zhi)辰戍(shu)丑未之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四季而(er)分旺于(yu)四時。文王后(hou)天圖象坤艮二土(tu)(tu)獨居夏秋冬春之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)交(jiao),則(ze)(ze)以(yi)火(huo)(huo)(huo)必(bi)得土(tu)(tu)而(er)后(hou)能成(cheng)金(jin),水(shui)(shui)必(bi)得土(tu)(tu)而(er)后(hou)能生(sheng)(sheng)木(mu)(mu)(mu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)相(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)相(xiang)(xiang)克黑(hei)色箭頭指向相(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu),粉(fen)紅色箭頭指向克制之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu) 五(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)相(xiang)(xiang)克:金(jin)克木(mu)(mu)(mu),木(mu)(mu)(mu)克土(tu)(tu),土(tu)(tu)克水(shui)(shui),水(shui)(shui)克火(huo)(huo)(huo),火(huo)(huo)(huo)克金(jin)。 五(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)相(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng):金(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)水(shui)(shui),水(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)木(mu)(mu)(mu),木(mu)(mu)(mu)生(sheng)(sheng)火(huo)(huo)(huo),火(huo)(huo)(huo)生(sheng)(sheng)土(tu)(tu),土(tu)(tu)生(sheng)(sheng)金(jin)。 五(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)中(zhong)的(de)每一行(xing)都(dou)有(you)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)性(xing)(xing)能。“木(mu)(mu)(mu)曰(yue)曲直(zhi)”,意思(si)是(shi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)具有(you)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)、升(sheng)發的(de)特(te)性(xing)(xing);“火(huo)(huo)(huo)曰(yue)炎上(shang)”,是(shi)火(huo)(huo)(huo)具有(you)發熱(re)、向上(shang)的(de)特(te)性(xing)(xing);“土(tu)(tu)爰(yuan)稼(jia)墻”,是(shi)指土(tu)(tu)具有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)植莊(zhuang)稼(jia),生(sheng)(sheng)化(hua)萬(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)的(de)特(te)性(xing)(xing);“金(jin)曰(yue)從(cong)(cong)革(ge)(ge)”,是(shi)金(jin)具有(you)肅殺、變革(ge)(ge)的(de)特(te)性(xing)(xing);“水(shui)(shui)曰(yue)潤(run)(run)(run)下(xia)”,是(shi)水(shui)(shui)具有(you)滋潤(run)(run)(run)、向下(xia)的(de)特(te)性(xing)(xing)。古(gu)人(ren)(ren)基于(yu)這種(zhong)(zhong)認(ren)識,把宇宙(zhou)間各種(zhong)(zhong)事(shi)物(wu)(wu)分別歸(gui)屬(shu)于(yu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing),因(yin)此(ci)在(zai)(zai)概念(nian)上(shang),已經不(bu)是(shi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)、火(huo)(huo)(huo)、土(tu)(tu)、金(jin)、水(shui)(shui)本身,而(er)是(shi)一大(da)類在(zai)(zai)特(te)性(xing)(xing)上(shang)可(ke)相(xiang)(xiang)比擬的(de)各種(zhong)(zhong)事(shi)物(wu)(wu)、現象所共(gong)有(you)的(de)抽象性(xing)(xing)能五(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)醫(yi)里五(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)有(you)著(zhu)特(te)殊的(de)含(han)義。“木(mu)(mu)(mu)曰(yue)曲直(zhi)”,代表(biao)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)、升(sheng)發、條達、舒暢的(de)功能,在(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)體為(wei)肝。 “金(jin)曰(yue)從(cong)(cong)革(ge)(ge)”,代表(biao)沉降、肅殺、收(shou)斂等性(xing)(xing)質(zhi),在(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)體為(wei)肺(fei)。 “水(shui)(shui)曰(yue)潤(run)(run)(run)下(xia)”,代表(biao)了滋潤(run)(run)(run)、下(xia)行(xing)、寒涼、閉藏的(de)性(xing)(xing)質(zhi),在(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)體為(wei)腎。 “土(tu)(tu)曰(yue)稼(jia)檣”,代表(biao)了生(sheng)(sheng)化(hua)、承(cheng)載、受(shou)納等性(xing)(xing)質(zhi),在(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)體為(wei)脾。 “火(huo)(huo)(huo)曰(yue)炎上(shang)”,代表(biao)了溫熱(re)、向上(shang)等性(xing)(xing)質(zhi),在(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)體為(wei)心。...
16248