獅子座有幾顆星組成?
從大(da)(da)(da)熊座(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)δ星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和γ星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直線向(xiang)南方延長(chang),就會看到一(yi)(yi)(yi)顆(ke)藍(lan)白色的(de)(de)(de)(de)亮(liang)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),這是(shi)(shi)獅(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)座(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)最亮(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)α星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。獅(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)座(zuo)(zuo)有兩個(ge)(ge)明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)標志,頭部像(xiang)個(ge)(ge)反(fan)(fan)寫的(de)(de)(de)(de)問號(hao),尾部的(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)(san)(san)顆(ke)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)組成一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)直角三(san)(san)(san)角形(xing)。獅(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)座(zuo)(zuo)α星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)就在(zai)(zai)問號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)下端,這顆(ke)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)中(zhong)文名叫(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)軒轅十四,它(ta)位于(yu)(yu)黃道以(yi)北離(li)(li)黃道很近(jin),是(shi)(shi)黃道上(shang)唯一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1等星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),所(suo)以(yi)自(zi)古(gu)以(yi)來,就為(wei)(wei)人(ren)們(men)所(suo)重視,不(bu)(bu)論是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國還是(shi)(shi)外國,都稱(cheng)它(ta)為(wei)(wei)“王者(zhe)之星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)”。軒轅十四距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)我們(men)大(da)(da)(da)約84光(guang)(guang)年,光(guang)(guang)譜型為(wei)(wei)B型,光(guang)(guang)度是(shi)(shi)太(tai)陽的(de)(de)(de)(de)150倍。它(ta)是(shi)(shi)航(hang)海九星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之一(yi)(yi)(yi),航(hang)海的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)們(men)經常用(yong)(yong)它(ta)來確(que)定航(hang)向(xiang)。古(gu)人(ren)曾選它(ta)為(wei)(wei)“王者(zhe)四星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)”之一(yi)(yi)(yi),意思是(shi)(shi)最容易辨(bian)(bian)(bian)認的(de)(de)(de)(de)亮(liang)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),其(qi)余(yu)三(san)(san)(san)顆(ke)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)是(shi)(shi)天(tian)蝎座(zuo)(zuo)α(心宿二)、南魚(yu)座(zuo)(zuo)α(北落師(shi)門)、金牛座(zuo)(zuo)α(畢宿五)。用(yong)(yong)望(wang)(wang)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)鏡觀測(ce)獅(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)座(zuo)(zuo)α星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),就會發現它(ta)是(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)(shuang)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),在(zai)(zai)附近(jin)3′.5處有一(yi)(yi)(yi)顆(ke)7.6等的(de)(de)(de)(de)暗星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。其(qi)實,它(ta)是(shi)(shi)顆(ke)四合(he)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)3″處還有兩顆(ke)7.9等和13等的(de)(de)(de)(de)伴星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),兩伴星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)相距(ju)(ju)(ju)4″。獅(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)座(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“反(fan)(fan)問號(hao)”中(zhong)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)亮(liang)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)是(shi)(shi)獅(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)座(zuo)(zuo)γ星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),這是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)顆(ke)著名的(de)(de)(de)(de)雙(shuang)(shuang)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。現在(zai)(zai)知(zhi)道,天(tian)上(shang)恒星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)半左右是(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)(shuang)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),它(ta)們(men)是(shi)(shi)兩個(ge)(ge)彼(bi)此(ci)有物(wu)理聯(lian)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)恒星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)系(xi)統,通常把較(jiao)(jiao)亮(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)顆(ke)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),較(jiao)(jiao)暗的(de)(de)(de)(de)那顆(ke)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)伴星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。兩星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)角距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)足夠大(da)(da)(da)時(shi),用(yong)(yong)望(wang)(wang)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)鏡可以(yi)分(fen)辨(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)兩顆(ke)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)叫(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)目視雙(shuang)(shuang)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing);若兩星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)角距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)小,用(yong)(yong)望(wang)(wang)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)鏡觀測(ce)分(fen)辨(bian)(bian)(bian)不(bu)(bu)出是(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)(shuang)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),但用(yong)(yong)分(fen)光(guang)(guang)儀觀測(ce)時(shi),由于(yu)(yu)它(ta)們(men)運(yun)轉時(shi)視向(xiang)速度變化造成星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)光(guang)(guang)光(guang)(guang)譜線移動,這種雙(shuang)(shuang)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)叫(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)分(fen)光(guang)(guang)雙(shuang)(shuang)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing);兩星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)很近(jin),以(yi)致(zhi)引起兩星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)間(jian)發生物(wu)質(zhi)交流,常叫(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)作密近(jin)雙(shuang)(shuang)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。獅(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)座(zuo)(zuo)γ星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)角距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)逐(zhu)漸增大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)美麗雙(shuang)(shuang)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),兩星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)現在(zai)(zai)角距(ju)(ju)(ju)為(wei)(wei)4″.3,伴星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)圍繞主(zhu)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)是(shi)(shi)407年。獅(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)座(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)還有幾個(ge)(ge)用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)等口徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)文望(wang)(wang)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)鏡可以(yi)看到的(de)(de)(de)(de)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)系(xi)。位于(yu)(yu)獅(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)座(zuo)(zuo)三(san)(san)(san)角形(xing)下邊(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)M65、M66是(shi)(shi)兩個(ge)(ge)旋渦星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)系(xi),前者(zhe)9.5等,后者(zhe)較(jiao)(jiao)亮(liang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些,是(shi)(shi)8.8等,距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)我們(men)2200萬(wan)光(guang)(guang)年。 總的(de)(de)(de)(de)說,有4顆(ke)....
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