周易中,乾卦的各個卦爻的名稱、意義?
日常言論講究誠信,日常行為講究謹慎,防止邪惡的侵蝕,保持忠誠的秉性,引導世人向善而不夸耀,德行博大而能感化人民。《易經》上說:‘龍出現在大地上,有利于會見貴族王公。’就是說民間出現了有才德的君子。”九三爻辭說:“君子始終是白天勤奮努力,夜晚戒懼反省,雖然處境艱難,終究沒有災難。”這是什么意思?孔子說:“君子致力于培育品德,增進學業。以忠信來培養品德,以修飾言辭來建立誠信,這是操持自己事業的立足點。知道事業可以發展就發展它,從而努力去捕捉一瞬即逝的時機;知道事業應該終止就終止它,從而保持行為的道義。所以處于尊貴的地位而不驕傲,處于卑微的地位而不憂愁。所以君子勤奮努力,隨時提高警惕,雖然處境危險也沒有災害。”九四爻辭說:“也許跳進深潭,沒有災難。”這是什么意思?孔子說:“有時處在上位,有時處在下位,本來就是變動無常的,不是什么行為邪惡的緣故。有時奮進,有時退隱,本來就是應時變化的,不是什么喜愛離群索居的緣故。君子致力于培養品德增進學業,隨時準備著抓住時機全力以赴,所以沒有災難。”九五爻辭說:“龍飛騰在天,有利于會見貴族王公。”這是什么意思?孔子說:“聲息相同就互相應和,氣味相投就互相求助。水向低濕的地方流動,火向干燥的地方漫延。云縈繞著龍,風追隨著虎。圣人興起,萬物景仰。根基在天上的附麗于天空,根基在地上的依附著大地,萬物 都歸屬于各自的類別當中。”上九爻辭說:“升騰到極限的龍,將有災禍之困。”這是什么意思?孔子說:“身份顯貴而沒有根基,地位崇高而沒有人民,有才德的壓抑在下層,不能獲得他們的輔助,因此有所行動必招禍殃。” 【注釋】 ①遯,本作遁,逃遁。悶,煩悶。遯世無悶,猶言甘心隱居,無所煩悶。②兩庸字,李鼎祚說:“庸,常也。”庸言、庸行,猶言日常的言行。③閑,《集解》引宋衷曰:“閑,防也.”④善世而不伐,善,這里用如動詞。善世,獬青明導世人向善。伐,夸耀。不伐,猶言不自稱其能。⑤知至至之,前至字,名詞,發展。后至字用如動訶。⑥今本無“言”字。阮元曰:“古本足利本與下有言字。”《集解》本亦有言字。依文意有言字是。今據補。幾,《系辭》下曰:“幾者,動之微,吉兇之先見者也。”即今所言事機、征兆。⑦知終終之,前終字,名詞,結果。后終字,用如動詞。 【原文】 “潛龍勿用”,下也①。“見龍在田”,時舍也。“終日乾乾”,行事也。“或躍在淵”,自試也。“飛龍在天”,上治也。“亢龍有悔”,窮之災也②。 “乾元”“用九”,天下治也。 【譯文】 “潛伏的龍,無法施展”,是說有才德的君子壓抑于底層。“龍出現在大地上”,是說君子暫時隱伏等待時機。“終日里勤奮努力”,是講君子刻苦修身自強不息。“也許跳進深潭”,是講君子投身社會自我考驗。“龍騰飛在天”,是講君子獲得地位治國治民。“升騰到極限的龍將有災殃”,是講事業極盛必由盛轉衰。“天的美德”“純陽全盛”,是講天下安定。 【注釋】 ①沙少海先生說:“‘下也’二字,意不完整;且與下文‘時舍也’、‘行事也’等句結構方式不同;‘下’字上疑脫‘處’,字。王弼注:‘潛龍勿用何乎?必窮處于下也。’似王本原有‘處’字。”②窮,極限,窮極。窮之災,猶盲事物發展到極限,必遭窮困之災。 【原文】 “潛龍勿用”,陽氣潛藏。“見龍在田”,天下文明①。“終日乾乾",與時偕行。“或躍在淵”,乾道乃革②。“飛龍在天”,乃位乎天德③。“亢龍有悔”,與時偕極④。“乾元”“用九”,乃見天則。 【譯文】 “潛伏的龍,無法施展”,初九陽爻居下位,象征萬物蟄伏,陽氣潛藏。“龍出現在大地上”,陽爻上升一位,象征萬物發生,大地錦繡,風光明媚。“終日里勤奮努力”,陽爻再進一位,象征萬物蓬勃,與時俱進。“也許跳進深潭”,陽爻又升上一位,象征陽氣更盛,天道發生變化。“龍飛騰在天空”,陽爻上升到崇高的地位,象征時值金秋,天的功德已圓滿完成。“升騰到極限的龍將有災殃”,陽爻上升到極限,象征陽氣極盛,將由盛轉衰。“天的美德”“純陽全盛”,陽爻依位次而上升,陽氣依時節面旺盛,六爻全陽,將盡變為陰爻,從而體現了天道運行的原則。 【注釋】 ①文,紋章,此處講草木生發,大地錦織有文采。明,明媚。②革,變化。乾道,天道。③位乎天德,九五之爻,處于上卦中位,此位又稱天位。此爻是全卦之主爻,集中體現了天的品德屬性。④偕,《說文》:“偕,俱也。”與時偕極,猶言陽爻依次上升,陽氣依時旺盛,一同達到了極限。⑤天則,天的法則。 ’ 【原文】 乾元亨者①,始而亨者也,利貞者,性情也。乾始能以美利天下,不言所利,大矣哉!大哉乾乎!剛健中正,純粹精也。六爻發揮,旁通情也②。時乘六龍,以御天也。云行雨施,天下平也。 【譯文】 《乾》卦的卦辭:元、亨,是講天具有生成之功,和諧之美。利、貞,是講天具有恩惠之情,永恒之性。乾為天,只有天才能把美滿的利益施予天下,而且從不提起它的恩德,偉大呀!偉大的上天!真正是剛強、勁健、適中、均衡,達到了純粹精妙的境地。六個陽爻發揮舒展,廣通天道、地道、人道。陽氣的結晶——太陽,駕駛著六條飛龍在空中飛行,分布著云,降灑著雨露,普天之下同享和平。 【注釋】 ①王念孫說:“乾元下亦當有亨字。”此說是,今據補。②六爻發揮,旁通情也,猶言周流錯綜于六個爻位之問的陰陽之爻,發動舒展,溝通反映出天道、地道、人道的情狀。 【原文】 君子以德為行,日可見之行也。“潛”之為言也,隱而未見,行而未成,是以君子弗“用"也。君子學以聚之,問以辯之,寬以居之,仁以行之。《易》曰:“見龍在田,利見大人。”君德也。九三,重剛而不中,上不在天,下不在田①,故“乾乾”因其時而“惕”,雖危“無咎”矣。九四,重剛而不中,上不在天,下不在田,中不在人②,故“或”之。或之者,疑之也。故“無咎”。夫“大人”者,與天地合其德,與日月合其明,與四時合其序,與鬼神合其吉兇③;先天而天弗違,后天而奉天時。天且弗違,而況于人乎?況于鬼神乎?“亢”之為言也,知進而不知退,知存而不知亡,知得而不知喪。其唯圣人乎!知進退存亡而不失其正者,其唯圣人乎! 【譯文】 君子以養成自身的品德作為行為的目的,每天應該落實在行動上。“潛”的意義在于,隱伏而不顯露,當自身修養尚未達到成熟的程度,所以君子不能有所作為。君子通過學習來積累知識,通過詰疑來辨明是非,以遠大作為內心的目標,以仁義作為履行的責任。《易經》說:“飛龍出現在大地上,有利于會見貴族王公。”這就是說出現了有才德的君子。九三爻辭的含義是指,九三陽爻處在重疊的陽爻之上,沒有處在上、下卦的中位,既沒有占據天位,也沒有占據地位,還須勤奮努力,隨時提高警惕,不過處境雖然險惡,還沒有災難。九四陽爻處在重疊的陽爻之上,沒有處在上、下卦的中位,既沒有占據天位,又沒有占據地位,也沒有占據人位,所以有“也許”的說法。“也許”這個詞就是表示遲疑。但沒有災難。九五爻辭所講的“大人”,他的德行與天地相配合,生成萬物,他的光明與日月相配合,普照一切;他的政令與四季相配合,井然有序;他的賞罰與鬼神相配合,吉兇一致。他的行動先天而發,但上天不會背棄他,他的行動后天而發,那是依奉天時行事。上天尚且不背棄他,更何況人呢?更何況鬼神呢?“亢奮”這個詞意思是,自以為自己的事業只會發展不會衰敗,只會存在不會消亡,只會勝利不會失敗。也許只有圣人才能了解進退存亡的相互聯系,恰當地把握它們互相轉化的關系,做到這一點,恐怕只有圣人吧! 【注釋】 ①重剛而不中,九二陽爻為剛,九三陽爻為剛,所以說“重剛”。九三不在上下卦的中位,所以說“不中”。上不在天,下不在田,上卦中位即第五爻為天位,下卦中位第二爻為地位,九三之爻即不處上卦中位,又不處下卦中位,所以說,“上不在天,下不在田”。田,即指地位。②中不在人位,下卦上位,即第三爻,為人位,九四之爻固不在人位。③合,配合,一致。 “潛龍勿用”,下也。“見龍在田”,時舍也。“終日乾乾”,行事也。“或躍在淵”,自試也。“飛龍在天”,上治也。“亢龍有悔”,窮之災也。“乾元用九”,天下治也。“潛龍勿用”,陽氣潛藏。“見龍在田”,天下文明。“終日乾乾”,與時偕行。“或躍在淵”,乾道乃革。“飛龍在天”,乃位乎天德。“亢龍有悔”,與時偕極。“乾元用九”,乃見天則。 乾元者,始而亨者也。利貞者,性情也。乾始能以美利利天下,不言所利,大矣哉!大哉乾乎!剛健中正,純粹精也。六爻發揮,旁通情也。時乘六龍,以御天也。云行雨施,天下平也。君子以成德為行,日可見之行也。 “潛”之為言也,隱而未見,行而未成,是以君子弗用也。 君子學以聚之,問以辯之,寬以居之,仁以行之。《易》曰“見龍在田,利見大人”,君德也。 九三重剛而不中,上不在天,下不在田,故“乾乾”因其時而“惕”,雖危“無咎”矣。 九四重剛而不中,上不在天,下不在田,中不在人,故“或”之。“或”之者,疑之也。故“無咎”。 夫大人者,與天地合其德,與日月合其明,與四時合其序,與鬼神合其吉兇,先天而天弗違,后天而奉天時。天且弗違,而況于人乎?況于鬼神乎? “亢”之為言也,知進而不知退,知存而不知亡,知得而不知喪。其唯圣人乎,知進退存亡,而不失其正者,其唯圣人乎! ---------------------------------------------------------------- 乾卦的總體精神是“天行健,君子以自強不息”,坤卦的總體精神是“地勢坤,君子以厚德載物”。就宇宙自然的法則而言,天道之剛健有力與地道之柔順寬柔雙向互補,協調并濟,共同促成了萬物的化生,就人文的價值而言,自強不息與厚德載物也是兩種應當具備而不可或缺的品德,合之則兩美,離之則兩傷。因此,乾坤并建,作到剛而能柔,柔中有剛,把二者結合得恰到好處而形成一種中和之美,是管理藝術的最高境界,也是從事實際的運作所應當奉行的基本原則。但是,能有誰至陽又至陰?
乾卦解析人生六道坎兒
作者:乾泉 孔子在《論語》中道:“吾十有五而志于學,三十而立,四十而不惑,五十而知天命,六十而耳順,七十而從心所欲,不逾矩”。結合今天,從《參考消息》北京版,看到《人生的6個坎兒》一文(黑色部分),覺得與《易經》的乾卦基本原理一致,故摘錄解析之以共勉。人從出生到成熟到衰老到死亡,就那么幾十個春秋。也就是那么幾個“坎”,眨眼的功夫就過去了。 A、20歲之前談夢(見下圖π/6 ) 人自母體分離出來,初諳世事至少要十四五年,而初諳世事并不意味著成熟,很多想法都很浪漫,有些近似童話。所以,這個季節經常做夢,夢見自己會飛,夢見自己會成為人們心目中的偶像。同學之間,朋友之間談論的話題也往往與現實離題萬里。在這段花季年華里,一切都是浮動的,一切都是色的。 《文言》:初九曰:「潛龍勿用。」何謂也?子曰:「龍德而隱者也。不易乎世,不成乎名;□①世而無悶,不見是而無悶;樂則行之,憂則違之;確乎其不可拔,潛龍也。」 乾泉:青春花季,心中有夢,志當存高遠,潛心學習,潛龍勿用。 B、20歲以后談理想(見下圖π/3 ) 20歲是邁入大人行列的第一道門坎,以前的色夢幻漸漸淡化,在現實面前,開始走向成熟,也開始有了人生的目標。但20歲的抱負卻又氣吞山河,有些不切合實際。所以,我們說人到20歲已經長大了,但絕對不意味著已經成熟。總之,20歲時,已經有了向前跋涉的目標,少了很多夢幻色。 《文言》:九二曰:「見龍在田,利見大人。」何謂也?子曰:「龍德而正中者也。庸言之信,庸行之謹,閑邪存其誠,善世而不伐,德博而化。易曰:「見龍在田,利見大人。」君德也。」 乾泉:立志成材,科學規劃事業目標、生活目標、職業生涯目標,乃“見龍”也。 C、上了30歲談責任(見下圖π/ 2) 三十而立于今人來說也許為時尚早,以現代人的平均壽命計,人生尚未過半,少年得志畢竟不是這個世界的多數。但30歲已是成熟的人了,至少已經確立了自己的人生坐標和基點。在這階段,很多的重擔會壓在你的肩頭,你無可逃遁也別無選擇地要背著這些重壓往前走。人生由此便多了一種沉甸甸的東西—責任,因之人生的內涵也豐富起來。結婚了需要有個愛巢棲息愛情,兒女出世了要拼力哺育,父母老了要盡贍養之責,還有,工作的擔子也加重了……這一切責任,都得30歲的你一個一個地去履行,沒人能夠替代你。這個時候,一切言談行為都變得那么實在。 《文言》:九三曰:「君子終日乾乾,夕惕若,厲無咎。」何謂也?子曰:「君子進德修業,忠信,所以進德也。修辭立其誠,所以居業也。知至至之,可與幾也。知終終之,可與存義也。是故,居上位而不驕,在下位而不憂。故乾乾,因其時而惕,雖危而無咎矣。」 乾泉:人生充滿各種誘惑尤若暗礁,一定把握航標,乃責任爾。乾龍乃善于把握方向之龍也, D、40歲談事業(見下圖2π/3 ) 邁過30歲的溝坎,人已如日中天了,此刻有志者已經事業有成,即使是平凡之輩,積蓄也開始殷實。人的生理心理也已熟透,萬事都有主張,一切責任也因為時光流淌而減負了。也許父母已經過世,兒女也快自立。這個時候,人通常會像爬上一道高坡一樣,長長地舒口氣。然而當回頭看時,才發覺前些年為自己活得太少。于是,發展自己便成了這個階段的主旋律。 《文言》:九四:「或躍在淵,無咎。」何謂也?子曰:「上下無常,非為邪也。進退無恒,非離群也。君子進德修業,欲及時也,故無咎。」 乾泉:“上下無常,非為邪也”乃善于應變。“進退無恒,非離群也”知進知退、進退自如,“君子進德修業,欲及時也,故無咎”善于捕捉機會,大展鴻圖,正當其時。
E、50歲開始談經驗(見下圖5π/6 ) 古人道“五十而知天命”,此刻對于人來說應該是塵埃落定的時候了。優勝者已經勝出,淘汰者已經出局。那么,優勝者便領受被尊敬的風光,淘汰者也只好獨嘗出局的悲哀。無論優或劣,都會明白成敗的原因。而大局已定已難更改,優勝與淘汰的總結成了寶貴的經驗,化作了后人的財富。 《文言》: 九五曰:「飛龍在天,利見大人。」何謂也?子曰:「同聲相應,同氣相求;水流濕,火就燥;云從龍,風從虎。圣人作,而萬物睹,本乎天者親上,本乎地者親下,則各從其類也。 乾泉:人生已有積累,發揮已有經驗和資源優勢,“云從龍,風從虎”、“各從其類”,精誠團結,則定會“飛龍在天,利見大人”。 F、60歲以后談往昔(見下圖π ) 衰老是人類不可抗拒的自然法則。人老了就力不從心了,即使想大展宏圖也難于展翅了。此刻的成功者可以享受他自己創造的成果,失敗者也只好獨飲他自釀的苦酒了。好漢不提當年勇也好,蹉跎一生不堪回首也罷,歲月刻在自己身上和心上的痕跡是無法抹殺的。夕陽苦短,來日無多,不再思想前景的輝煌,但回首昔日的風光或坎坷,多少能激活生命的潛力,保持旺盛的活力。 一輩子就這樣走過來了,不管輝煌還是平凡,都得一個一個坎地邁過,當然,怎樣邁,邁得成功與否,聽聽人們60歲以后的訴說就知分曉。 《文言》:上九曰:「亢龍有悔。」何謂也?子曰:「貴而無位,高而無民,賢人在下而無輔,是以動而有悔也。」 乾泉:夕陽無限好,黃昏更美麗。知無不言,言無不盡,老驥伏櫪,志在千里也! 乾卦之炒股、炒解釋 潛龍勿用:趨勢不明朗時不要操作。 見龍在田,利見大人:趨勢剛出現時有利于做長線。 君子終日乾乾,夕惕若,厲,無咎:趨勢確定后也不要放松,警覺才不會犯大的錯誤。 或躍在淵,無咎:有時會回調,不會影響大趨勢。 飛龍在天,利見大人:趨勢非常強勁時可以大膽操作。 亢龍有悔:趨勢到極限時,就會反轉。 見群龍無首,吉:當市場上沒有莊家時就好了。
原文
第一卦 乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian) 乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)為(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian) 乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)下(xia)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)上(shang) 乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)亨(heng)利(li)(li)貞(zhen) 初(chu)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu):潛龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)勿(wu)(wu)用(yong)(yong)。九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)二(er):見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)田(tian),利(li)(li)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)三:君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)終日(ri)(ri)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),夕惕(ti)(ti)(ti)若,厲(li),無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)咎(jiu)(jiu)。九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)四(si):或(huo)(huo)(huo)躍(yue)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)淵(yuan),無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)咎(jiu)(jiu)。九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)五(wu)(wu):飛龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)(tian),利(li)(li)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。上(shang)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu):亢龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)有(you)悔(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)。用(yong)(yong)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu):見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)群龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)首,吉(ji)。 彖曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):大(da)(da)(da)哉(zai)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),萬物資始,乃統天(tian)(tian)(tian)。云行(xing)(xing)雨施(shi),品物流行(xing)(xing)。大(da)(da)(da)明(ming)終始,六位(wei)(wei)時成(cheng),時乘(cheng)六龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)以(yi)御天(tian)(tian)(tian)。乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)道變(bian)化,各(ge)正(zheng)性(xing)(xing)命,保合(he)太(tai)和,乃利(li)(li)貞(zhen)。首出庶(shu)物,萬國(guo)咸寧。 象曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):天(tian)(tian)(tian)行(xing)(xing)健,君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)自強不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)息。 潛龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)勿(wu)(wu)用(yong)(yong),陽在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)田(tian),德(de)(de)施(shi)普也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。終日(ri)(ri)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),反(fan)復道也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。或(huo)(huo)(huo)躍(yue)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)淵(yuan),進(jin)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)咎(jiu)(jiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。飛龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)(tian),大(da)(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)造也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。亢龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)有(you)悔(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui),盈不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)久也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。用(yong)(yong)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu),天(tian)(tian)(tian)德(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可為(wei)首也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。 文言(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)者(zhe),善(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),亨(heng)者(zhe),嘉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)會也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),利(li)(li)者(zhe),義之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),貞(zhen)者(zhe),事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)干也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)體仁,足(zu)以(yi)長(chang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren);嘉會。足(zu)以(yi)合(he)禮;利(li)(li)物,足(zu)以(yi)和義,貞(zhen)固,足(zu)以(yi)干事(shi)。君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)行(xing)(xing)此四(si)者(zhe),故曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)亨(heng)利(li)(li)貞(zhen)。” 初(chu)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“潛龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)勿(wu)(wu)用(yong)(yong)。”何謂(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)? 子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)德(de)(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)隱(yin)者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)世,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)名;遁(dun)世無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)悶,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)是而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)悶;樂則(ze)(ze)行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),憂則(ze)(ze)違之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);確乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)其(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可拔,潛龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。” 九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)二(er)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)田(tian),利(li)(li)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。”何謂(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)? 子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)德(de)(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)正(zheng)中(zhong)者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。庸(yong)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)信,庸(yong)行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謹,閑邪存(cun)其(qi)誠(cheng),善(shan)世而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)伐,德(de)(de)博(bo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)化。易曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):‘見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)田(tian),利(li)(li)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。’君(jun)(jun)(jun)德(de)(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。” 九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)三曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)終日(ri)(ri)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),夕惕(ti)(ti)(ti)若,厲(li)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)咎(jiu)(jiu)。”何謂(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)? 子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)進(jin)德(de)(de)修業,忠信,所(suo)以(yi)進(jin)德(de)(de)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)。修辭立(li)其(qi)誠(cheng),所(suo)以(yi)居(ju)業也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)至(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),可與(yu)幾也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)終終也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),可與(yu)存(cun)義也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。是故,居(ju)上(shang)位(wei)(wei)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)驕,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)位(wei)(wei)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)憂。故乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),因其(qi)時而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)惕(ti)(ti)(ti),雖危而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)咎(jiu)(jiu)矣(yi)。” 九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)四(si)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“或(huo)(huo)(huo)躍(yue)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)淵(yuan),無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)咎(jiu)(jiu)。”何謂(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)? 子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“上(shang)下(xia)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常,非為(wei)邪也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。進(jin)退(tui)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)恒,非離群也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)進(jin)德(de)(de)修業,欲及時也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),故無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)咎(jiu)(jiu)。” 九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)五(wu)(wu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“飛龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)(tian),利(li)(li)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。”何謂(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)? 子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“同聲相(xiang)應(ying),同氣相(xiang)求;水流濕,火就燥;云從(cong)(cong)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long),風從(cong)(cong)虎。圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)作,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)萬物睹,本乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)者(zhe)親(qin)(qin)上(shang),本平(ping)地者(zhe)親(qin)(qin)下(xia),則(ze)(ze)各(ge)從(cong)(cong)其(qi)類也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。” 上(shang)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“亢龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)有(you)悔(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)。”何謂(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)? 子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“貴而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)位(wei)(wei),高爾無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)民(min),賢人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)輔,是以(yi)動而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)悔(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。” 潛龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)勿(wu)(wu)用(yong)(yong),下(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)田(tian),時舍(she)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。終日(ri)(ri)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),行(xing)(xing)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。或(huo)(huo)(huo)躍(yue)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)淵(yuan),自試(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。飛龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)(tian),上(shang)治也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。亢龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)有(you)悔(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui),窮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)災也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)用(yong)(yong)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu),天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)治也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。 潛龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)勿(wu)(wu)用(yong)(yong),陽氣潛藏(zang)。見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)田(tian),天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)文明(ming)。終日(ri)(ri)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),與(yu)時偕行(xing)(xing)。或(huo)(huo)(huo)躍(yue)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)淵(yuan),乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)道乃革。飛龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)(tian),乃位(wei)(wei)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)德(de)(de)。亢龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)有(you)悔(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui),與(yu)時偕極,乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)用(yong)(yong)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu),乃見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)則(ze)(ze)。 乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)者(zhe),始而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)亨(heng)者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。利(li)(li)貞(zhen)者(zhe),性(xing)(xing)情也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)始能以(yi)美利(li)(li)利(li)(li)天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)所(suo)利(li)(li)。大(da)(da)(da)矣(yi)哉(zai)!大(da)(da)(da)哉(zai)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)?剛健中(zhong)正(zheng),純粹精也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。六爻發揮,旁(pang)通(tong)情也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。時乘(cheng)六龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long),以(yi)御天(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云行(xing)(xing)雨施(shi),天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)平(ping)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。 君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)成(cheng)德(de)(de)為(wei)行(xing)(xing),日(ri)(ri)可見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。潛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)言(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),隱(yin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)未(wei)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),行(xing)(xing)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)未(wei)成(cheng),是以(yi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弗(fu)用(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。 君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)學以(yi)聚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),問以(yi)辯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),寬以(yi)居(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),仁以(yi)行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。易曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)田(tian),利(li)(li)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。”君(jun)(jun)(jun)德(de)(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。 九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)三,重剛而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong),上(shang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)(tian),下(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)田(tian),中(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),故或(huo)(huo)(huo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。或(huo)(huo)(huo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe),疑(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),故無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)咎(jiu)(jiu)。夫(fu)大(da)(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe),與(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)地合(he)其(qi)德(de)(de),與(yu)日(ri)(ri)月(yue)合(he)起明(ming),與(yu)四(si)時合(he)起序,與(yu)鬼神合(he)其(qi)吉(ji)兇。先(xian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)天(tian)(tian)(tian)弗(fu)違,后(hou)天(tian)(tian)(tian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)奉(feng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)時。天(tian)(tian)(tian)且弗(fu)違,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)況于人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)?況于鬼神乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)? 亢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)言(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)退(tui),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)存(cun)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亡(wang),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喪。其(qi)惟圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)?知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)退(tui)存(cun)亡(wang),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)失其(qi)正(zheng)者(zhe),其(qi)為(wei)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)?...
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