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五行生肖是什么時候起源相關內容

十二生肖是什么年代開始使用的?

從多方面情況來看,十二生肖應當起源于中國,其理由具體如下:
其一:在東漢王充的著作《論衡》中對十二生肖便有較為系統的明確記載。從他在《物勢篇》,《言毒篇》,《譏日篇》中的記載可知,子鼠,丑牛,寅虎,卯兔,辰龍,巳蛇,午馬,未羊,申猴,酉雞,戌狗,亥豬的概念在東漢已相當清楚。
其二:在《周書》卷十一《晉蕩公護傳》中,對生肖屬相已有詳細說明。如:"昔在武川鎮生當兄弟,大者屬鼠,次者屬兔,汝身屬蛇。"
其三:據考古出土資料《日書》可知,秦代已大體將十二地支與十二獸相聯系。(盡管當時的十二獸與后來的十二獸有所不同)
其四:在先秦的古籍中,如《詩經.小雅.吉日》,《禮記》卷十七《月令》,《吳越春秋》卷四《闔閭內傳》,也有一些記載,但是否為十二生肖紀年,目前尚有爭議。
從以上事例來看,春秋戰國之前甚至周代已存在十二獸即十二生肖。這說明十二獸在中國已有久遠的歷史,同時也說明十二獸是中國人自己創造發明的,而不是從西方或其它什么地方傳入的,其起源地當是中國中原地區。
十二生肖是由西方傳入的嗎?
關于十二生肖起源的時間和地點,眾說紛紜。清人趙翼最早提出它是由西方諸國,經西域由突厥民族傳入中國的,他的主要根據是《新唐書》卷二一七下《黠戛斯傳》和《太平寰宇記》。據上述資料記載,西方的回鶻和黠戛人也者是用十二生肖紀年。許多歷法學家都不能提出足夠的證據反駁他的這種看法,但只要仔細推究,其中的漏洞也就不難發現了。
《新唐書》和《太平寰宇記》所記回鶻和黠戛斯人以十二生肖紀年,當是在前745年以后,因回鶻人是在前745年滅亡突厥汗國之后建立回鶻汗國的,而黠戛斯人則是在公元840年攻破回鶻汗國后而建立黠戛斯國,他們的十二生肖紀年法當是直接繼承被其滅亡的突厥汗國。據大量史料記載,古代突厥各民族的十二生肖紀年法不是西方而是由中國傳入的。其原因具體如下:
1:突厥各族在隋之前無法,其十二生肖紀年法是隋代由中原傳入的;
2:突厥人于8世紀要30年代才有使用十二生肖紀年法的明確記載;
3:回鶻時代才較為普通地使用十二生肖紀年法;
4:形書于是11世紀的《突厥語大詞典》中有關于十二生肖紀年法及其來源的記載,原句如下:"突厥人取十二種動物之名稱來記年"。 (注:如需詳知史料具體出處,請與我網站聯系。)
據資料可知,隋朝于公元586年頒歷于突厥,而突厥只吸收了十二生肖記年法。未采用干支紀年法。據突厥碑文所載,突厥人是在公元730年幫開始使用十二生肖紀年,而在突厥之后的回鶻汗國和黠戛斯汗國,他們使用十二生肖紀年法當是從突厥人中延續下來。由此可以說明。趙翼關于十二生肖是由西方傳入的說法是沒有根據的。
生肖的由來
作為一種古老的民俗文化事象,有關十二生肖的起源,歷代學者眾說紛紜。有人認為生肖與地支同源,可以追溯到史前的傳說時代,《史記》中所載黃帝"建造甲子以命歲","大撓作甲子"就是這類說法的反映,學者們認為這里所說的甲子就是指的十二生肖。清代學者趙翼則認為生肖最早源于我國北方的游牧民族,他在《陔余叢考》中說:"蓋北俗初無所謂子丑寅之十二辰,但以鼠牛虎兔之類分紀歲時,浸尋流傳于中國,遂相沿不廢耳。"(參見清·趙翼《陔余叢考》)。有的學者甚至持生肖外來說的觀點,認為十二生肖是由古巴比倫傳入中國的,持這種觀點的代表有郭沫若,他在《甲骨文字研究·釋支干》中講" 十二肖象于巴比倫、埃及、印度均有之,然均不甚古,無出于西紀后百年以上者。意者此始漢時西域諸國,仿巴比倫之十二宮而制定之,再向四周傳播者也。"認為生肖為中東地區居民模仿巴比倫黃道十二宮而制定,其傳入中國的時間,當在漢武帝通西域之時。以上觀點見仁見智,作者不敢主觀判斷是非,但通過大量的文獻資料證明,生肖的確起源于中國,是華夏先民動物崇拜、圖騰崇拜以及早期天文學的結晶。
關于十二生肖的記載,現有文獻資料中,以《詩經》為最早。《詩經·小雅·吉日》里有:"吉日庚午,即差我馬"八個字,意思是庚午吉日時辰好,是躍馬出獵的好日子,這是將午與馬相對應的例子。可見在春秋前后,地支與十二種動物的對應關系已經確立并流傳。 1975年,在湖北云夢縣睡虎地十一號墓出土的竹簡,進一步證明十二生肖在春秋前后已存在。出土竹簡的《日書》甲種有一章標題為《盜者》,其內容為占卜盜者相貌特征,其中記載有:"子,鼠也,盜者兌口希須,……丑,牛也,盜者大鼻長頸,……寅,虎也,盜者狀,希須,面有黑焉。卯,兔也,盜者大面頭。辰,〔原文脫漏〕盜者男子,青赤色……已,蟲也,盜者長而黑蛇目。午,鹿也,盜者長頸小哘,其身不全。……未,馬也,盜者長須耳。申,環也,盜者圓面……"
《日書》中所記十二生肖大體近似于現在流行說法。據考證,睡虎地十一號墓下葬于秦始皇三十年(公元前217年),因此十二生肖的產生至少可以追溯到秦以前的春秋時期。學者們認為,這是迄今為止,在我國發現的關于十二生肖的最早而又較系統的記載。
和今天流行的十二生肖說法完全一致的是東漢王充的記載,王充《論衡·物勢》載:
"寅,木也,其禽,虎也。戌,土也,其禽,犬也。……午,馬也。子,鼠也,酉,雞也。卯,兔也。……亥,豕也。未,羊也。丑,牛也。……已,蛇也。申,猴也。" 以上文字中,十二生肖動物談到了十一種,唯獨缺了辰龍。該書《言毒篇》說: "辰為龍,已為蛇。辰、已之位在東南。"
如此,十二生肖便齊了,且與現今流行的十二生肖配屬完全相同,這的確算是古文獻中關于生肖的較早的最完備的記載。
到了南北朝,生肖已普遍使用,南朝《南齊書·五行志》中已經有具體的按人的出生年份稱屬某種動物的記載。南朝·陳·詩人沈炯,曾創作了一首十二屬相詩,其言曰:
"鼠跡生塵案,牛羊暮下來。
虎哺坐空谷,兔月向窗開。
龍隰遠青翠,蛇柳近徘徊。
馬蘭方遠摘,羊負始春栽。
猴栗羞芳果,雞砧引清杯。
狗其懷物外,豬蠡窅悠哉。"
這首十二屬相詩明顯是按十二地支所配動物的順序寫成的,說明當時十二生肖已為人們所十分熟悉。
從以上文獻記載可以明確生肖文化的源頭在中國。依據生肖外來說的觀點,生肖是漢代由中東傳入中國,與佛教傳入時間差不多,我們從以上文獻中已證明早在春秋時期我國便有有關生肖的記載(《日書》、《詩經》),說明生肖的產生以及生肖與地支的相配是早在漢以前就產生了的,因此可以肯定生肖是產生于我國本土的一種古老文化。那么生肖的由來究竟是怎樣的呢?古人為什么選擇了這十二種動物呢?這個問題歷來受到學者的關注,做出了種種解釋。
部分學者認為生肖起源于原始時代的動物崇拜,中國科技大學張秉倫先生便持這一觀點。他認為在原始社會生產力低下、認識自然能力極其有限的情況下,對與自已生活息息相關的動物產生一種依賴感(如馬、羊、牛、雞、犬等),對危害自身安全的動物產生一種恐懼感(如虎、蛇),對一些超過人類的動物器官功能產生崇敬感(如狗的嗅覺等),導致產生對動物的崇拜。十二種生肖動物便是人們在動物崇拜的原始信仰影響下產生的用來紀年、紀月的獸歷。
原始人的動物崇拜還表現在儺舞等原始舞蹈上,儺大約產生于周代前后,大儺儀式中的主角是方相氏和十二神獸。驅儺舞蹈選中十二獸,是原始人對動物崇敬心理的表現。大儺儀式上選中的十二獸(或十二神)是為照應一年十二個月份,以求月月平安,驅除四方疫鬼,照應十二個方位的。對十二個方位的照應當然牽涉到十二支,于是與十二生肖掛鉤,在驅儺儀式中的十二屬相被派上逢兇化吉的用場。由此可以看出十二神獸、十二生肖是一脈相承的,他們共同的來源都是原始動物崇拜。
民族(zu)學家劉(liu)(liu)堯漢(han)先生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)與彝(yi)族(zu)"十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)獸(shou)"紀(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)及"十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月歷(li)"法(fa)(fa)有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)。居住于(yu)四(si)川大涼山地(di)(di)(di)(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彝(yi)族(zu),有(you)(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)獸(shou)紀(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)法(fa)(fa),他們以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種動(dong)物(wu)紀(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),今日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)為(wei)(wei)鼠日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),明日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)為(wei)(wei)牛日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此類推三(san)輪為(wei)(wei)一個月,計(ji)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六天,一個月三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六天,一年(nian)(nian)(nian)便(bian)為(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)個月,這就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)后來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)"十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月歷(li)"法(fa)(fa)。劉(liu)(liu)堯漢(han)先生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)屬(shu)相(xiang)紀(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月歷(li)法(fa)(fa)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)夏(xia)禹時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai),(參見劉(liu)(liu)堯漢(han)著(zhu)《彝(yi)族(zu)社會歷(li)史調(diao)查研究文集》)與原(yuan)始的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圖騰(teng)崇(chong)(chong)拜(bai)有(you)(you)(you)關(guan),漢(han)族(zu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)受"十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月歷(li)法(fa)(fa)"的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響,彝(yi)族(zu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)獸(shou)歷(li)后來發(fa)(fa)展為(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。講生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淵源(yuan),必然(ran)要將生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)與天干(gan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聯系在(zai)一起。近代(dai)在(zai)安陽殷(yin)墟出(chu)土的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)我國(guo)現存年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)最(zui)久遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)表,說明在(zai)殷(yin)商時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)干(gan)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)紀(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)已嫻(xian)熟自如。之后隨著(zhu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推移干(gan)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)逐漸多樣化,它作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)充當時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)單位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標號,一方面(mian)擴(kuo)大了(le)(le)(le),用(yong)于(yu)紀(ji)年(nian)(nian)(nian);一方面(mian)縮(suo)小了(le)(le)(le),用(yong)于(yu)紀(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(一日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)個時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)辰(chen))。根據(ju)歷(li)史記(ji)載及研究證明,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)繼"干(gan)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)紀(ji)年(nian)(nian)(nian)法(fa)(fa)"創立后才出(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種動(dong)物(wu)是(shi)(shi)對十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)地(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一一對應(ying),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)物(wu)作(zuo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標志。哪年(nian)(nian)(nian)出(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)就(jiu)有(you)(you)(you)哪年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所配屬(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)物(wu),由(you)(you)此以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種動(dong)物(wu)用(yong)來紀(ji)年(nian)(nian)(nian)、紀(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)和計(ji)算(suan)每一個人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屬(shu)相(xiang)。從中(zhong)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)看出(chu),十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)與十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)地(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)密(mi)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。很久以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來有(you)(you)(you)學者(zhe)發(fa)(fa)現十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)字里(li)隱(yin)含著(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信息(xi),他們將十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)古(gu)字相(xiang)比較,發(fa)(fa)現十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)字形(xing)與十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種動(dong)物(wu)有(you)(you)(you)一些聯系。細致觀察(cha)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)發(fa)(fa)現其(qi)中(zhong)確有(you)(you)(you)大同小異之處(chu)(chu)。東漢(han)許慎《說文解字》中(zhong)即(ji)講到"已"字為(wei)(wei)蛇的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)象(xiang)(xiang)形(xing),同樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)"亥"、"豕(shi)"。近人(ren)還(huan)考證甲骨文、金文中(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)字與生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)字有(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)近之處(chu)(chu),令人(ren)猜想(xiang),十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)否就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)動(dong)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)象(xiang)(xiang)形(xing)字,由(you)(you)于(yu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子丑寅卯容易記(ji)混(hun),民間(jian)便(bian)用(yong)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種動(dong)物(wu)代(dai)替,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)物(wu)來借代(dai)序數符號,與地(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)配,成為(wei)(wei)紀(ji)年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符號系統。雖然(ran)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上猜想(xiang)有(you)(you)(you)一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)信度,但細想(xiang)一下便(bian)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)作(zuo)出(chu)判斷,十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)是(shi)(shi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種動(dong)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)象(xiang)(xiang)形(xing)字,因為(wei)(wei)前面(mian)已經講到十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)殷(yin)商時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)已嫻(xian)熟使用(yong),而生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)春秋時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)才產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)同源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。倘若在(zai)造字之時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),地(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)便(bian)與生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)豈不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)與地(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)嗎 ? 綜上所述筆者(zhe)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)晚于(yu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)地(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),但與十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)地(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)著(zhu)密(mi)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)對十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)地(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)附(fu)會,至于(yu)選擇(ze)了(le)(le)(le)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種動(dong)物(wu)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)代(dai)替十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)地(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符號,又源(yuan)于(yu)古(gu)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)物(wu)崇(chong)(chong)拜(bai)心理(li)。...

11927

十二生肖起源于哪個朝代

中國自帝舜時代就開始使用天干十個符號和地支十二個符號相配合的“干支紀年法”。以動物紀年的方法最初起源于我國古代西、北部從事游牧的少數民族中。
十二生肖最早見于世界上第一部詩歌總集《詩經》。《詩經·小雅·車攻》曰:“吉日庚午,既差我馬。”十二生肖之說,最晚應形成于漢代,在東漢十二生肖已經形成。十二生肖的使用,至少在南北朝時代就已經出現。
但在20世紀70年(nian)代中期,在湖北云夢(meng)睡虎地(di)第11號(hao)秦墓的出土文物中,發現了上千支竹簡,這一奇跡的出現,證(zheng)明了在春(chun)秋(qiu)戰國時(shi)代就使用(yong)十二生肖了。因為第十一號(hao)秦墓,據考(kao)證(zheng)葬于始皇帝三(san)十年(nian),即公(gong)元前217年(nian)...

6349

十二生肖到底是怎么來的,起源于什么呢?

1、作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)古(gu)老的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)俗文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)事象,有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)源(yuan),歷(li)(li)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)學(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)眾說(shuo)(shuo)紛紜(yun)。 ——有(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)源(yuan),可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)追(zhui)溯到(dao)史前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai),《史記(ji)(ji)(ji)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所載(zai)(zai)黃帝(di)“建造甲(jia)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)命(ming)歲(sui)”,“大(da)(da)(da)(da)撓作甲(jia)子(zi)(zi)(zi)”就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)這類說(shuo)(shuo) 法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反映(ying),學(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)們認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)這里(li)所說(shuo)(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)甲(jia)子(zi)(zi)(zi)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。 ——清(qing)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)學(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)趙(zhao)翼則(ze)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)最(zui)早(zao)源(yuan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)我(wo)國北(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)游(you)牧民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu),他在(zai)(zai)(zai)《陔(gai)余(yu)叢考》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)說(shuo)(shuo):“蓋北(bei)(bei)俗初(chu)無所謂(wei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)丑(chou)寅(yin)之十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)辰(chen)(chen),但以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)鼠牛(niu)虎(hu)兔之類分紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)歲(sui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),浸(jin)尋流(liu)(liu)(liu)傳(chuan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國,遂相(xiang)(xiang)沿不廢耳(er)。”(參(can)見(jian)(jian)(jian)清(qing)·趙(zhao)翼《陔(gai)余(yu)叢考》)。 ——有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)甚(shen)至(zhi)(zhi)持生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外來(lai)說(shuo)(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觀(guan)(guan)點,認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由古(gu)巴(ba)比(bi)(bi) 倫(lun)傳(chuan)入中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),持這種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)觀(guan)(guan)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)有(you)(you)(you)郭(guo)沫若,他在(zai)(zai)(zai)《甲(jia)骨文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)研究(jiu)·釋支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)干》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)講“ 十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)象于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)巴(ba)比(bi)(bi)倫(lun)、埃(ai)及(ji)、印(yin)度(du)均有(you)(you)(you)之,然(ran)均不甚(shen)古(gu),無出(chu)(chu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)西(xi)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)后(hou)(hou)百(bai)年(nian)(nian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。意者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)此(ci)始(shi)(shi)(shi)漢(han)(han)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)西(xi)域諸國,仿巴(ba)比(bi)(bi)倫(lun)之十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)宮而(er)(er)制(zhi)定(ding)之,再向(xiang)四(si)周傳(chuan)播(bo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)東(dong)(dong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區居民(min)模仿巴(ba)比(bi)(bi)倫(lun)黃道十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)宮而(er)(er)制(zhi)定(ding),其(qi)(qi)傳(chuan)入中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian),當(dang)(dang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)漢(han)(han)武帝(di)通西(xi)域之時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。 2、以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)觀(guan)(guan)點見(jian)(jian)(jian)仁見(jian)(jian)(jian)智,但大(da)(da)(da)(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻資料證明(ming),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)確起(qi)源(yuan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)華夏先(xian)民(min)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)、圖騰崇(chong)(chong)(chong)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)早(zao)期(qi)天文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結晶。 關(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai),現(xian)(xian)(xian)有(you)(you)(you)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻資料中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《詩(shi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)》為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)最(zui)早(zao)。《詩(shi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)·小(xiao)雅·吉日(ri)》里(li)有(you)(you)(you):“吉日(ri)庚(geng)(geng)午(wu),即差我(wo)馬(ma)”八個(ge)(ge)(ge)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),意思是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)庚(geng)(geng)午(wu)吉日(ri)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)辰(chen)(chen)好,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)躍馬(ma)出(chu)(chu)獵的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好日(ri)子(zi)(zi)(zi),這是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)將(jiang)午(wu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)馬(ma)相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)例(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。可(ke)(ke)見(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)前(qian)后(hou)(hou),地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)應(ying)(ying)關(guan)系已(yi)(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)確立(li)并流(liu)(liu)(liu)傳(chuan)。 1975年(nian)(nian),在(zai)(zai)(zai)湖(hu)北(bei)(bei)云夢縣睡虎(hu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)號(hao)墓出(chu)(chu)土(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)竹簡(jian),進一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步證明(ming)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)前(qian)后(hou)(hou)已(yi)(yi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)。出(chu)(chu)土(tu)竹簡(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《日(ri)書(shu)》甲(jia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)章標(biao)題(ti)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)《盜(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)》,其(qi)(qi)內容為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)占卜盜(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)相(xiang)(xiang)貌特征(zheng),其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)(you):“子(zi)(zi)(zi),鼠也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),盜(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)兌口(kou)希須,……丑(chou),牛(niu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),盜(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)大(da)(da)(da)(da)鼻(bi)長(chang)(chang)頸,……寅(yin),虎(hu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),盜(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)狀,希須,面(mian)(mian)有(you)(you)(you)黑(hei)焉。卯,兔也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),盜(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)大(da)(da)(da)(da)面(mian)(mian)頭。辰(chen)(chen),〔原文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)脫漏〕盜(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)男子(zi)(zi)(zi),青赤(chi)色(se)……已(yi)(yi),蟲也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),盜(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)長(chang)(chang)而(er)(er)黑(hei)蛇(she)目(mu)。午(wu),鹿也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),盜(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)長(chang)(chang)頸小(xiao)哘,其(qi)(qi)身不全(quan)(quan)。……未,馬(ma)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),盜(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)長(chang)(chang)須耳(er)。申,環也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),盜(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)圓(yuan)面(mian)(mian)……” 《日(ri)書(shu)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所記(ji)(ji)(ji)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)體(ti)近(jin)似于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing)說(shuo)(shuo)法(fa)(fa)。據考證,睡虎(hu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)號(hao)墓下(xia)(xia)葬(zang)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)秦始(shi)(shi)(shi)皇三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(公元前(qian)217年(nian)(nian)),因此(ci)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)少可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)追(zhui)溯到(dao)秦以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)。學(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)們認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),這是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)迄今為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)止,在(zai)(zai)(zai)我(wo)國發(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)早(zao)而(er)(er)又較系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai)。 和今天流(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)說(shuo)(shuo)法(fa)(fa)完全(quan)(quan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)東(dong)(dong)漢(han)(han)王(wang)充的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai),王(wang)充《論衡(heng)·物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)勢》載(zai)(zai): “寅(yin),木也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),其(qi)(qi)禽(qin),虎(hu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。戌(xu),土(tu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),其(qi)(qi)禽(qin),犬(quan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。……午(wu),馬(ma)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。子(zi)(zi)(zi),鼠也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),酉(you),雞(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。 卯,兔也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。……亥(hai)(hai),豕也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。未,羊(yang)(yang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。丑(chou),牛(niu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。……已(yi)(yi),蛇(she)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。申,猴(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。” 以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)談到(dao)了十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),唯獨缺(que)了辰(chen)(chen)龍。該書(shu)《言(yan)毒篇》說(shuo)(shuo):“辰(chen)(chen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)龍,已(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蛇(she)。辰(chen)(chen)、已(yi)(yi)之位在(zai)(zai)(zai)東(dong)(dong)南。” 如此(ci),十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)便齊了,且與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)今流(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)配(pei)屬(shu)(shu)完全(quan)(quan)相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)(tong)(tong),這的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)確算是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)古(gu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)關(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)較早(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)完備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai)。。 到(dao)了南北(bei)(bei)朝,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)已(yi)(yi)普遍使用,南朝《南齊書(shu)·五行(xing)(xing)志》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)已(yi)(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)(you)(you)具體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)按人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)年(nian)(nian)份稱屬(shu)(shu)某種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai)。南朝·陳·詩(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)沈炯,曾創作了一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)首十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)屬(shu)(shu)相(xiang)(xiang)詩(shi),其(qi)(qi)言(yan)曰: “鼠跡生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)塵案,牛(niu)羊(yang)(yang)暮(mu)下(xia)(xia)來(lai)。 虎(hu)哺坐空(kong)谷(gu),兔月(yue)(yue)(yue)向(xiang)窗(chuang)開。 龍隰遠(yuan)青翠,蛇(she)柳近(jin)徘徊(huai)。 馬(ma)蘭(lan)方(fang)(fang)遠(yuan)摘(zhai),羊(yang)(yang)負(fu)始(shi)(shi)(shi)春(chun)栽。 猴(hou)栗羞芳(fang)果(guo),雞(ji)(ji)砧(zhen)引清(qing)杯。 狗其(qi)(qi)懷(huai)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)外,豬蠡窅悠(you)哉(zai)。” 這首十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)屬(shu)(shu)相(xiang)(xiang)詩(shi)明(ming)顯(xian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)按十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所配(pei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)順序寫成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),說(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)已(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們所十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分熟悉。 從(cong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明(ming)確生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)源(yuan)頭在(zai)(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)已(yi)(yi)證明(ming)早(zao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)我(wo)國便有(you)(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai)(《日(ri)書(shu)》、《詩(shi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)》),說(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)配(pei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)早(zao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)漢(han)(han)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前(qian)就(jiu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),因此(ci)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)肯定(ding)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)我(wo)國本土(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)古(gu)老文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)。 3、那么生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)由來(lai)究(jiu)竟是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)怎(zen)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呢(ni)? ——部分學(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)起(qi)源(yuan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)原始(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國科技(ji)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)張秉倫(lun)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)便持這一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)觀(guan)(guan)點。他認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)原始(shi)(shi)(shi)社會生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力低(di)下(xia)(xia)、認(ren)識自然(ran)能(neng)力極其(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)限的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)(xia),對(dui)(dui)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)自已(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活息息相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)依(yi)賴感(gan)(如馬(ma)、羊(yang)(yang)、牛(niu)、雞(ji)(ji)、犬(quan)等),對(dui)(dui)危害自身安全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)恐懼感(gan)(如虎(hu)、蛇(she)),對(dui)(dui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)超過人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)器官功能(neng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)敬感(gan)(如狗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嗅覺等),導致(zhi)(zhi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)對(dui)(dui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)便是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們在(zai)(zai)(zai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原始(shi)(shi)(shi)信仰影響(xiang)下(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用來(lai)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)年(nian)(nian)、紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)月(yue)(yue)(yue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獸歷(li)(li)。 原始(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)還表(biao)(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)儺(nuo)(nuo)舞(wu)等原始(shi)(shi)(shi)舞(wu)蹈上(shang),儺(nuo)(nuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)約產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)周代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)前(qian)后(hou)(hou),大(da)(da)(da)(da)儺(nuo)(nuo)儀(yi)(yi)式中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)角是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)相(xiang)(xiang)氏和十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)神獸。驅(qu)(qu)儺(nuo)(nuo)舞(wu)蹈選中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)獸,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)原始(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)對(dui)(dui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)敬心理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)(xian)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)儺(nuo)(nuo)儀(yi)(yi)式上(shang)選中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)獸(或十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)神)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)照(zhao)(zhao)應(ying)(ying)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)個(ge)(ge)(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue)份,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)求月(yue)(yue)(yue)月(yue)(yue)(yue)平安,驅(qu)(qu)除四(si)方(fang)(fang)疫鬼,照(zhao)(zhao)應(ying)(ying)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)個(ge)(ge)(ge)方(fang)(fang)位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。對(dui)(dui)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)個(ge)(ge)(ge)方(fang)(fang)位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)照(zhao)(zhao)應(ying)(ying)當(dang)(dang)然(ran)牽涉到(dao)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)掛(gua)鉤(gou),在(zai)(zai)(zai)驅(qu)(qu)儺(nuo)(nuo)儀(yi)(yi)式中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)屬(shu)(shu)相(xiang)(xiang)被派(pai)上(shang)逢兇化(hua)吉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用場(chang)。由此(ci)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)看出(chu)(chu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)神獸、十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)脈(mo)相(xiang)(xiang)承的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),他們共(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來(lai)源(yuan)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)原始(shi)(shi)(shi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)。 民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)學(xue)(xue)家劉(liu)堯(yao)漢(han)(han)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)彝族(zu)(zu)(zu)“十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)獸”紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)日(ri)及(ji)“十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)歷(li)(li)”法(fa)(fa)有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)。居住于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)四(si)川大(da)(da)(da)(da)涼山地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彝族(zu)(zu)(zu),有(you)(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)獸紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)日(ri)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)法(fa)(fa),他們以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)日(ri),今日(ri)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鼠日(ri),明(ming)日(ri)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)牛(niu)日(ri),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)類推三(san)輪為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue),計(ji)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)天,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)天,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)便為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue),這就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)(hou)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)歷(li)(li)”法(fa)(fa)。劉(liu)堯(yao)漢(han)(han)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)屬(shu)(shu)相(xiang)(xiang)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)日(ri)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)歷(li)(li)法(fa)(fa)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)夏禹時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai),(參(can)見(jian)(jian)(jian)劉(liu)堯(yao)漢(han)(han)著(zhu)(zhu)《彝族(zu)(zu)(zu)社會歷(li)(li)史調查研究(jiu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)集》)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)原始(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圖騰崇(chong)(chong)(chong)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)有(you)(you)(you)關(guan),漢(han)(han)族(zu)(zu)(zu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)受(shou)“十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)歷(li)(li)法(fa)(fa)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang),彝族(zu)(zu)(zu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)獸歷(li)(li)后(hou)(hou)來(lai)發(fa)展(zhan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。 ——講生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淵源(yuan),必然(ran)要(yao)將(jiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天干地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聯(lian)系在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)。近(jin)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)安陽(yang)殷墟出(chu)(chu)土(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)我(wo)國現(xian)(xian)(xian)存年(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)最(zui)久(jiu)遠(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)表(biao)(biao)(biao),說(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)在(zai)(zai)(zai)殷商(shang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)干支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)日(ri)已(yi)(yi)嫻熟自如。之后(hou)(hou)隨著(zhu)(zhu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推移干支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)逐漸多樣(yang)化(hua),它作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)充當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)單位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)號(hao),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)擴大(da)(da)(da)(da)了,用于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)年(nian)(nian);一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)縮小(xiao)了,用于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)個(ge)(ge)(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)辰(chen)(chen))。根據歷(li)(li)史記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai)及(ji)研究(jiu)證明(ming),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)繼“干支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)年(nian)(nian)法(fa)(fa)”創立(li)后(hou)(hou)才出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)對(dui)(dui)應(ying)(ying),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)作地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)志。哪年(nian)(nian)出(chu)(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)就(jiu)有(you)(you)(you)哪年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所配(pei)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),由此(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)用來(lai)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)年(nian)(nian)、紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)日(ri)和計(ji)算每一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屬(shu)(shu)相(xiang)(xiang)。從(cong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)看出(chu)(chu),十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)密不可(ke)(ke)分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。很久(jiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)有(you)(you)(you)學(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)里(li)隱含著(zhu)(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信息,他們將(jiang)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)古(gu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)(bi)較,發(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)形(xing)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)聯(lian)系。細(xi)致(zhi)(zhi)觀(guan)(guan)察可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)確有(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)同(tong)(tong)(tong)小(xiao)異之處(chu)。東(dong)(dong)漢(han)(han)許慎(shen)《說(shuo)(shuo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)解字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)即講到(dao)“已(yi)(yi)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蛇(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)象形(xing),同(tong)(tong)(tong)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)還有(you)(you)(you)“亥(hai)(hai)”“豕”。近(jin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)還考證甲(jia)骨文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、金(jin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)(xiang)近(jin)之處(chu),令人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)猜(cai)想,十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)象形(xing)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)丑(chou)寅(yin)卯容易(yi)記(ji)(ji)(ji)混,民(min)間(jian)(jian)便用十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)替,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)來(lai)借代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)序數(shu)符(fu)號(hao),與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)配(pei),成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符(fu)號(hao)系統。雖然(ran)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)猜(cai)想有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)信度(du),但細(xi)想一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)便可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)作出(chu)(chu)判斷,十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不可(ke)(ke)能(neng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)象形(xing)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),因為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)前(qian)面(mian)(mian)已(yi)(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)講到(dao)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)殷商(shang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)已(yi)(yi)嫻熟使用,而(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)才產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不同(tong)(tong)(tong)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。倘若在(zai)(zai)(zai)造字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)便與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)豈不是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了嗎 ? 綜(zong)上(shang)所述,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)晚于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),但與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)著(zhu)(zhu)密不可(ke)(ke)分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)肖(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)附會,至(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)選擇了十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)替十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符(fu)號(hao),又源(yuan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)古(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)心理。...

1102

十二生肖是怎么來的?最早出現在什么時候?

十二生(sheng)(sheng)肖是由于在(zai)我國農業(ye)社會(hui)(hui)對于動物有著非常大的(de)崇拜,與古代社會(hui)(hui)的(de)圖騰有關(guan)系,經過社會(hui)(hui)的(de)不斷發(fa)展,最后形成了完整的(de)十二生(sheng)(sheng)肖;十二生(sheng)(sheng)肖最早在(zai)先秦時候就(jiu)有記載,在(zai)東(dong)漢(han)的(de)時候完成。...

18409

我國古代對五行是怎樣理解的?

五行(xing)是指木、火、土(tu)、金、水(shui)五種物(wu)質。在(zai)我國(guo)古代(dai),人們對于五行(xing)的看法與后世哲學上的五行(xing)幾乎完全不同。

古人認為,五行(xing)就是(shi)一年(nian)或一個(ge)(ge)收獲季節(jie)中(zhong)的五個(ge)(ge)時節(jie)。這一說法在上古文獻(xian)中(zhong)記載得很(hen)直(zhi)接。

例如,《呂氏春秋》就把五(wu)(wu)行(xing)直接稱為五(wu)(wu)氣,也就是將一年(nian)分為五(wu)(wu)個時節(jie)(jie)之義。又如,《左(zuo)傳.昭公元年(nian)》記載:年(nian)“分為四時,序(xu)為五(wu)(wu)節(jie)(jie)”。而《管子.五(wu)(wu)行(xing)篇(pian)》則(ze)說:“作(zuo)立五(wu)(wu)行(xing),以(yi)(yi)正天(tian)時,五(wu)(wu)官以(yi)(yi)正人位(wei)。”可見(jian)上古均是將五(wu)(wu)行(xing)解(jie)釋(shi)成時節(jie)(jie)或節(jie)(jie)氣。

古人(ren)(ren)用直觀的(de)五種物質的(de)名(ming)稱給五種太陽行星命(ming)名(ming),就如(ru)以十二生肖給日期命(ming)名(ming)一樣(yang),符(fu)合古人(ren)(ren)樸(pu)素的(de)思想觀念。

五行(xing)之(zhi)間的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)克制化,同樣具有天文學意義。五行(xing)相生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),又(you)叫“生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)數序五行(xing)”,其含義是后(hou)一個(ge)(ge)行(xing)是由前一個(ge)(ge)行(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)出來的,以至(zhi)于逐個(ge)(ge)相生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),形(xing)成(cheng)一個(ge)(ge)循環(huan)系(xi)列(lie),周而(er)復始(shi)。五行(xing)相生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)是五行(xing)觀念中使用最普遍,發(fa)展最成(cheng)熟的一種排列(lie)方式(shi)。

按照(zhao)《春秋(qiu)繁露.五行之義》的(de)說法,木(mu)是五行的(de)開(kai)始,水是五行的(de)終了(le),土(tu)是五行的(de)中間。木(mu)生火,火生土(tu),土(tu)生金(jin),金(jin)生水,水又(you)生木(mu)。木(mu)行居東方而主(zhu)(zhu)春氣(qi),火居南方而主(zhu)(zhu)夏氣(qi),金(jin)居西方而主(zhu)(zhu)秋(qiu)氣(qi),水居北方而主(zhu)(zhu)冬(dong)氣(qi)。所(suo)以木(mu)主(zhu)(zhu)生而金(jin)主(zhu)(zhu)殺(sha),火主(zhu)(zhu)熱而水主(zhu)(zhu)寒。

這是上古各類文獻中,有(you)關生數五(wu)行定義的(de)通(tong)常說法,可見古人設立五(wu)行,開(kai)始時并不是為了解(jie)決哲(zhe)學(xue)問題(ti),而是借助5種(zhong)物質(zhi)的(de)名(ming)稱來作為一(yi)年(nian)中5個季節的(de)名(ming)稱。

木行(xing)(xing)就是一年中開始的第一個(ge)季(ji)(ji)(ji)節(jie),相(xiang)當于(yu)春季(ji)(ji)(ji);火行(xing)(xing)為(wei)第二個(ge)季(ji)(ji)(ji)節(jie),相(xiang)當于(yu)夏季(ji)(ji)(ji);土行(xing)(xing)為(wei)第三季(ji)(ji)(ji),介于(yu)夏秋(qiu)之間;金行(xing)(xing)為(wei)第四個(ge)季(ji)(ji)(ji)節(jie),相(xiang)當于(yu)秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)(ji);水行(xing)(xing)為(wei)第五個(ge)季(ji)(ji)(ji)節(jie),相(xiang)當于(yu)冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)。

干支理論(lun)是我國古(gu)代思(si)想家的(de)一(yi)大杰出貢獻,盡管當時對天(tian)體(ti)運(yun)行及(ji)其結構缺乏科(ke)學(xue)的(de)了(le)解,但已經在(zai)天(tian)文學(xue)、哲學(xue)領(ling)域有了(le)相當深入的(de)研(yan)究(jiu),并取得了(le)后世無(wu)法企(qi)及(ji)的(de)成就。

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五行的意思是什么?

五行(xing)是中(zhong)國古代(dai)的(de)一種(zhong)物質觀。多用(yong)于哲學、中(zhong)醫學和占卜(bu)方(fang)面。五行(xing)指:金(jin)、木、水、火、土。認為大(da)自(zi)然(ran)由五種(zhong)要(yao)素(su)所構成,隨著(zhu)這五個要(yao)素(su)的(de)盛衰,而使得大(da)自(zi)然(ran)產生變(bian)化,不但影響到人的(de)命運,同時(shi)也使宇宙萬物循環不已。...

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