名(ming)(ming)和(he)(he)字(zi)一般都很(hen)正規，書(shu)法家、畫家除了名(ming)(ming)和(he)(he)字(zi)以(yi)外，有的還起(qi)別(bie)號，別(bie)號相對于名(ming)(ming)字(zi)而言，多了個性特點，也(ye)就是(shi)說這(zhe)個號用到(dao)你身上(shang)比較貼切，但(dan)換了別(bie)人就不恰當(dang)。別(bie)號有自(zi)己起(qi)，也(ye)有朋(peng)友或師長送(song)，可(ke)以(yi)結合自(zi)己的性格特點和(he)(he)個人愛好來(lai)取，也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)參考古(gu)代詩人、詞人、書(shu)畫家們的雅號。...
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南愛煊...
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瓊華：美玉之精髓
英華：草木之美者，亦指美好、精粹的人或物。
在古代“字”只是限于有身份的人。
《禮記·曲禮》上說：“男子二十冠而字”，“女子十五笄而字”，就是說不管男女，只有到了成年才取字，取字的目的是為了讓人尊重他，供他人稱呼。一般人尤其是同輩和屬下只許稱尊長的字而不能直呼其名。
古人命字方法的主要依據有以下幾種：
①同義反復。如屈原名平，字原，廣平為原。孔子學生宰予，字子我，季路字子由，顏回字子淵，諸葛亮字孔明，陶淵明字元亮、周瑜字公瑾，諸葛瑾字子瑜，文天祥字景瑞，都屬此類。
②反義相對。晉大夫趙衰(減少意)字子馀(增多)。曾點(小黑也)字子晳，色白也。唐王績字無功，朱熹(火亮)字元晦，元趙孟頫(俯)字子昂，晏殊字同叔。
③連義推想。趙云字子龍(云從龍)；晁補之，字無咎；蘇軾，字子瞻(《左傳僖28年》：“君馮軾而觀之”)；岳飛字鵬舉。
從以上三類可以看出，字與名有密切關系，字往往是名的補充或解釋，這叫“名字相應”，互為表里，故字又稱作“表字”。這三種是主要的，另外還有以干支五行命字，以排行命字，或者字行加排行，字后加父(甫)的情況一般也歸入字的范圍。
命字方面與命名同樣，有著時代氣息，一個總的趨向是美詞化和尊老化，在尊老化方面更加顯。
唐宋以后，由于理學加強，一些繁文褥節越來越多，讀書人之間在稱呼上也大做文章，稱字，是為了表尊敬，但時間長了之后，漸感稱字還不夠恭敬，于是又有了比字更表恭敬的號。
號也叫別稱、別字、別號。《周禮·春官·大祝》：“號為尊其名更美稱焉”。名、字是由尊長代取，而號則不同，號初為自取，稱自號；后來，才有別人送上的稱號，稱尊號、雅號等。
號起源很早，但直至六朝時期還不流行，葛洪、陶潛有號，當時多數人沒有。到唐宋間才特別盛行起來，原因有二：1、倫理道德加強，2、文學發達，文人講究文雅。至明清，由于文人范圍擴大，加上帝王提倡，更加盛行起來。縱觀古人命號特點，我們也可以概括為幾條。
自號一般都有寓意在內。
1、或以居住地環境自號：如陶潛，自號五柳先生。李白自幼生活在四川青蓮鄉，故自號青蓮居士。蘇軾，自號東坡居士。陸游，號龜堂。辛棄疾號稱稼軒居士。明武宗朱厚照自號錦堂老人，明世宗朱厚璁自號天池釣叟，明神宗朱翊自號禹齋。乾隆晚年自號十全老人、古稀天子。咸豐(奕 )自號且樂道人。
2、或以旨趣抱負自號：杜甫，自號少陵野老，“一萬卷書，一千卷古金石文，一張琴，一局棋，一壺酒，一老翁”——“六一居士”是歐陽修晚年的自號。賀知章，自號四明狂客；金心農自號出家庵粥飯僧，都體現了個人的旨趣。
3、有些人還以生辰年齡、文學意境、形貌特征，甚至驚人之語自號。
辛棄疾自號六十一上人，趙孟頫甲寅年生，自號甲寅人；元鄭元右，自號尚左生，明代祝允明自號祝枝指生，后在民間演變成祝支山。朱 尊，自號夕陽芳草村落，唐寅自號江南第一風流才子，普救寺婚姻案主者。徐樹丕，自號活埋庵道人。
別人贈號主要有三種情況：
1、以其軼事特征為號。如李白，人稱謫仙人。宋代賀鑄因寫了“一川煙柳、梅子黃時雨”的好詞句，人稱賀梅子。張先因寫了“云破月來花弄影”，“浮萍斷處見山影”，“隔墻送過秋千影”三句帶“影”字的好詩，人稱“張三影”。類似例子再如：
山抹微云秦學士——秦觀“滿庭芳”詞“山抹微云，天連衰草”
露花倒影柳屯田——柳永，《破陣子》詞中有“露花倒影”句。
張孤雁——張炎《解連環·孤雁》
紅杏尚書——宋祁(工部尚書)《木蘭花》“綠楊煙外曉春寒，紅杏枝頭春意鬧”。
現當代作家的筆名、藝名也可算入號的范疇，有的是自號，有的是贈號。
郭沫若(筆名)原名開貞，巴金、夏衍、冰心全是筆名(自號)，而非原名。
藝號(贈號)：
張英杰——蓋叫天，牛俊國——牛得草，荀慧生——白牡丹，李慧敏——白玉霜，毛稚黃——毛三瘦。
2、以官職、任所或出生地為號。王安石稱王臨川；杜工部(杜甫)，賈長沙(賈誼)；王右軍(王羲之)；湯顯祖稱湯臨川；康有為，廣東南海人，稱康南海；孔融，曾任北海太守，人稱孔北海；顧炎武，江蘇昆山亭林鎮人，人稱顧亭林。清代民謠“宰相合肥天下瘦”說的是李鴻章(合肥人)，“司農常熟世間蕪”說的是翁同和為常熟人，時任戶部尚書。
3、以封爵、謚號為號
諸葛亮封武鄉侯，人稱武侯；司馬光，封溫國公，岳飛，謚號武穆。
宋以后，文人之間大多以號相稱，以至造成眾號行世，他們的字名反被冷疏的情況。蘇軾一生有14類38個名號，魯迅先生一生(1881—1936)57歲，共用過140多個名號(主要是筆名)。
魯迅原名周樟樹，字豫才，改名樹人。1898年，第一次用筆名，戛劍生、樹人。1818年，《狂人日記》發表時，始用魯迅筆名。三十年代后更多，最多的為1933年26個和1934年41個。這兩年也是他的創作高峰，作品最多的時期。
由(you)于號(hao)(hao)可(ke)自取和贈送，因此具有自由(you)性(xing)和可(ke)變性(xing)。以(yi)至許多(duo)(duo)文(wen)人(ren)，有很多(duo)(duo)別(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)，多(duo)(duo)的可(ke)達幾十個，上百個，“別(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)太多(duo)(duo)，反(fan)成攪亂”(鄭(zheng)板橋(qiao)集題畫。靳(jin)秋(qiu)四(si)索畫)，所以(yi)近代(dai)以(yi)后，尤其建國以(yi)來，文(wen)人(ren)用(yong)號(hao)(hao)之(zhi)風(feng)大(da)減，不(bu)少人(ren)發表作品不(bu)用(yong)筆名(ming)(ming)，就用(yong)真名(ming)(ming)。少數文(wen)人(ren)存有別(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)，多(duo)(duo)為20世紀三、四(si)十年(nian)代(dai)前就出名(ming)(ming)的文(wen)人(ren)。如魯迅曾自號(hao)(hao)書齋，綠林(lin)書室，且介亭；王力自號(hao)(hao)龍蟲并(bing)雕齋；姚雪垠，無止境齋；葉圣陶未厭居，俞(yu)平(ping)柏(bo)古(gu)槐書屋，此可(ke)謂(wei)遺風(feng)。...
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古(gu)(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)剛生(sheng)下不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)久就(jiu)(jiu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)了(le)(le)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，長(chang)大以(yi)(yi)后要(yao)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，兩(liang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)相(xiang)(xiang)連，通稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。關于(yu)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)作用，清(qing)朝人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)王應奎曾(ceng)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“古(gu)(gu)(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)以(yi)(yi)正體，字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)德(de)。”意思(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)是(shi)(shi)(shi)用來(lai)(lai)區(qu)分彼此的(de)(de)，字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)則(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)表(biao)(biao)示德(de)行(xing)的(de)(de)。二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)性質(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同，用途(tu)(tu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)來(lai)(lai)，古(gu)(gu)(gu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)候，名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)是(shi)(shi)(shi)階段(duan)性的(de)(de)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)呼，小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)候稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)小(xiao)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，大了(le)(le)叫(jiao)大名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。等(deng)(deng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)了(le)(le)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)就(jiu)(jiu)成了(le)(le)應該避諱的(de)(de)東西，相(xiang)(xiang)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)只(zhi)能(neng)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)與字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)在(zai)多(duo)(duo)數情(qing)況(kuang)下共同構成一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)代(dai)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，盡管用途(tu)(tu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)盡相(xiang)(xiang)同，二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之間還是(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)聯系的(de)(de)。古(gu)(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)大多(duo)(duo)因(yin)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)與字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)內(nei)容(rong)毫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)相(xiang)(xiang)干的(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)幾乎見不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到。如(ru)三國時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)將(jiang)張飛(fei)，字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)翼德(de)，在(zai)這(zhe)—名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)， “飛(fei)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)， “翼德(de)”則(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)對“飛(fei)”的(de)(de)解釋，因(yin)為(wei)(wei) “飛(fei)”就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)“翼之德(de)”(翅膀扇動而(er)造就(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)功(gong)德(de))。又(you)(you)如(ru)唐代(dai)大詩人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)白(bai)居(ju)(ju)(ju)易，字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)樂(le)(le)(le)天，名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)與字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之間也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)聯系，即(ji)(ji)“居(ju)(ju)(ju)易”是(shi)(shi)(shi)因(yin)，“樂(le)(le)(le)天”是(shi)(shi)(shi)果(guo)，只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)居(ju)(ju)(ju)處安(an)寧，才(cai)能(neng)知(zhi)命而(er)樂(le)(le)(le)天。古(gu)(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)多(duo)(duo)種種類(lei)，字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同用途(tu)(tu)。起初(chu)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)非常(chang)簡單，往(wang)往(wang)只(zhi)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，與“子(zi)”、“伯”、“仲”、“甫”等(deng)(deng)表(biao)(biao)示年齡階段(duan)的(de)(de)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)連。如(ru)孔子(zi)弟(di)子(zi)顏(yan)回(hui)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)子(zi)淵，冉(ran)耕字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)伯牛，冉(ran)雍(yong)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)仲弓，這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)“淵”、“牛”、“弓”就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)他們(men)的(de)(de)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。當(dang)然，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)干脆只(zhi)用一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)加(jia)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)的(de)(de)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)辭，如(ru)陳勝字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)涉，項羽字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)籍等(deng)(deng)即(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)。東漢以(yi)(yi)后，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)才(cai)越(yue)(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)(yue)講究，情(qing)況(kuang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)越(yue)(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)(yue)復雜。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)在(zai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)了(le)(le)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)以(yi)(yi)后，往(wang)往(wang)把取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)看得(de)很重要(yao)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)注重效法(fa)(fa)(fa)古(gu)(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)“士(shi)(shi)則(ze)”、“思(si)賢”、“師亮”等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)；有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)則(ze)寄托對當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)厚望，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)“溫(wen)叟”(長(chang)壽不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)天)、“永全(quan)”等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，無不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)含有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)深刻的(de)(de)意義。古(gu)(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)除有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)外(wai)(wai)，又(you)(you)多(duo)(duo)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)以(yi)(yi)代(dai)替名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種固定(ding)的(de)(de)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，又(you)(you)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)”。早(zao)在(zai)周朝時(shi)(shi)(shi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)就(jiu)(jiu)已經開始取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。對此，《周禮》解釋說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)為(wei)(wei)“尊(zun)(zun)其名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)更(geng)為(wei)(wei)美(mei)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)焉”，意思(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之外(wai)(wai)的(de)(de)尊(zun)(zun)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)或美(mei)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。早(zao)期的(de)(de)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)特點，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)多(duo)(duo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)那(nei)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)圣賢雅士(shi)(shi)。如(ru)老(lao)子(zi)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)廣成子(zi)、范蠡(li)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)鴟夷子(zi)皮等(deng)(deng)。先秦時(shi)(shi)(shi)期有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)又(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)并(bing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)太(tai)多(duo)(duo)，至(zhi)(zhi)秦漢魏晉南北朝時(shi)(shi)(shi)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)仍(reng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)很多(duo)(duo)，名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)載史籍者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)僅(jin)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)陶潛別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)五(wu)柳先生(sheng)、葛洪別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)抱樸子(zi)等(deng)(deng)數人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。但(dan)(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)，到了(le)(le)隋唐時(shi)(shi)(shi)期，伴隨著封建國家的(de)(de)強盛和(he)文化的(de)(de)高度發(fa)達(da)(da)，在(zai)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之外(wai)(wai)另取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)逐漸多(duo)(duo)了(le)(le)起來(lai)(lai)。如(ru)李白(bai)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)青蓮居(ju)(ju)(ju)士(shi)(shi)、杜甫號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)少(shao)(shao)陵野老(lao)、白(bai)居(ju)(ju)(ju)易號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)香山居(ju)(ju)(ju)士(shi)(shi)，皆屬此類(lei)。到了(le)(le)宋代(dai)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)之風(feng)又(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)的(de)(de)發(fa)展。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)熟知(zhi)的(de)(de)《水滸傳》108將(jiang)個(ge)(ge)個(ge)(ge)都有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，正是(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)表(biao)(biao)著當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)社(she)會風(feng)氣(qi)。明(ming)(ming)清(qing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)更(geng)把取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)視(shi)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種時(shi)(shi)(shi)髦，上至(zhi)(zhi)皇帝，下至(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)黎民百姓，幾乎人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。正如(ru)清(qing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)凌楊藻在(zai)《蠡(li)勺編》一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)書中(zhong)記載的(de)(de)那(nei)樣(yang)，其時(shi)(shi)(shi)“閭市(shi)村壟，嵬人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)瑣夫，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)識字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，兼(jian)之庸鄙狂怪，松蘭泉石，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)坐百犯(fan)；又(you)(you)兄‘山’弟(di)則(ze)必(bi)‘水’，伯‘松’則(ze)仲必(bi)‘竹’，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)尤大可笑也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)哉。近聞婦人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)亦有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)之，向(xiang)見人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)‘冰壺老(lao)拙’，乃嫠媼也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”。甚至(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)落草為(wei)(wei)寇的(de)(de)盜賊也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。如(ru)上述書中(zhong)舉了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)縣官審(shen)案的(de)(de)例子(zi)，就(jiu)(jiu)十分能(neng)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)(ming)問題。這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)例子(zi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)縣官在(zai)審(shen)理(li)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樁竊(qie)案時(shi)(shi)(shi)，責難犯(fan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)自己開脫罪責，犯(fan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)突(tu)然說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)道(dao)：“守愚不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢。”縣官不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)解其意，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)問左(zuo)右(you)，才(cai)知(zhi)道(dao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)犯(fan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)自稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。在(zai)用字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)上，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)與取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同，大多(duo)(duo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)受(shou)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)數多(duo)(duo)少(shao)(shao)的(de)(de)限制。從已知(zhi)的(de)(de)歷代(dai)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)來(lai)(lai)看，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)2字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)3字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、4字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，甚至(zhi)(zhi)還有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)10余字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、20余字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。如(ru)清(qing)代(dai)畫家鄭(zheng)板橋的(de)(de)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)就(jiu)(jiu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)12字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，即(ji)(ji)“康熙秀才(cai)雍(yong)正舉人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)乾(qian)隆進(jin)士(shi)(shi)”。至(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)宗教界的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)叫(jiao)釋成果(guo)的(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)師，別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)竟(jing)達(da)(da)28個(ge)(ge)之多(duo)(duo)，即(ji)(ji)“萬里行(xing)腳僧小(xiao)佛山長(chang)統理(li)天下名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)山風(feng)月(yue)事(shi)兼(jian)理(li)仙鶴糧餉不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)醒(xing)鄉侯(hou)”。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)竟(jing)然用了(le)(le)近30個(ge)(ge)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，真可謂古(gu)(gu)(gu)今一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大奇觀(guan)。因(yin)為(wei)(wei)古(gu)(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)隨意性，并(bing)且不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)必(bi)加(jia)以(yi)(yi)避諱，因(yin)此，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)程度上刺激了(le)(le)飽受(shou)文字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)獄(yu)和(he)避諱之苦的(de)(de)明(ming)(ming)清(qing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，促使他們(men)在(zai)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之外(wai)(wai)更(geng)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)來(lai)(lai)表(biao)(biao)現自己。當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)大多(duo)(duo)數人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)都取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，但(dan)(dan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)好幾個(ge)(ge)。如(ru)清(qing)初(chu)畫家石濤法(fa)(fa)(fa)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)弘(hong)濟(ji)，別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)清(qing)湘(xiang)道(dao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、苦瓜和(he)尚、大滌子(zi)、瞎尊(zun)(zun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，達(da)(da)4個(ge)(ge)之多(duo)(duo)。...
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出生公歷：2010年7月28日11時3分(北京時間)，星期三。
出生農歷：庚寅年 六月 十七日 午時。
傷 才 日元 傷
坤造 庚 癸 己 庚 (日空申、酉)
寅 未 卯 午
藏干 甲丙戊 乙己丁 乙 己丁
官印劫 殺比梟 殺 比梟
地勢 死 冠帶 病 臨官
納音 松柏木 楊柳木 城墻土 路旁土
日元偏旺，喜用水，金(財星、食傷)。忌仇土，火(比劫、印梟)。
己土生于未月，土旺、金相、火休、木囚、水死。 生于炎熱夏季，八字可適當借水調候。
調候用神：癸為主，丙佐之。
五行缺水！
喜用神水，金！
名字用水，金五行的是字
陳-16[火] 柔-9[金] 冰-6[水] 得分 94分 (吉)
五格(ge) 天格(ge)-17(金) 人格(ge)-25(土(tu)) 地格(ge)-15(土(tu)) 外格(ge)-7(金) 總格(ge)-31(木)...
214
劉一凡...
9579